Human papilloma virus (HPV) is the general name of a group of viruses that cause a variety of diseases.More than 100 types are known.Pathogens are common worldwide.To prevent infection, it is important to know how human papillomavirus is transmitted.
What is an HPV infection?
HPV infection is a group of viral diseases that are provoked by the papilloma virus.Currently, it is studied and described above 100 types of viruses.Scientists have studied pathogenic morphology for a long time, which makes it possible to determine what kind of virus is the pathology that causes it.Separately, a group of HPVs with high risk onco are allocated.
Because HPV is particularly impressed with the sexual system, gynecologists pay close attention to the problem of the problem.Talking about what HPV is in gynecology, it should be noted at high risk for developing cervical oncology.Experts find that this virus, more precisely, the 16th and 13th types trigger the development of oncological processes in the female reproductive system.
HPV - Delivery and Infection Route
Papilloma virus is known for its opposition to environmental factors, so for a long time it can maintain activities in the external environment.This describes the pathogen's ability to extend.However, HPV air delivery is not delivered directly.Talking about how the papilloma virus is transmitted from person to person, the doctor shows the presence of direct contact with the skin and the mucous membranes of the virus.
HPV Delivery Route Various:
- sexual;
- Contact-household;
- vertically.
The most common way to send HPV
After hearing about this type of pathogen, patients are often interested in doctors: whether human papillomavirus is sexually transmitted.Doctors note that this method is the most common.According to statistics, about 70% of people who lead active sex life are the carrier of the papilloma virus.In this case, the infection can occur repeatedly throughout life.
Most women and men are infected by HPV for months after the onset of active sexual activity.Keep in mind that HPV is often associated with sexual infections, but infections may be performed with sex without penetration.Contacting a virus carrier can cause infection.
Doctors also call the following methods of infection with HPV:
- by kiss;
- With oral sex.
HPV - a method of infection in everyday life
Some infectious disease experts distinguish domestic pathways of HPV delivery.The percentage of virus spreads in this way is small, but this may not be completely excluded.The virus can maintain activity for some time, enter the pool, bathroom, so infection is possible in the general area.
Infections in everyday life occur with kisses, the use of affected HPV personal hygiene products.In such cases, the risk of infection increases:
- weakness of immunity;
- Violation of personal hygiene rules.
The risk of infection with HPV
The probability of HPV infection increases significantly with the onset of sexual activity.This delivery path is considered the main one.At the same time, experts distinguish several factors, their presence several times increasing the risk of infection:
- The beginning of sexual activity;
- Frequent sexual changes;
- neglect of contraceptive methods.
Separately, it is necessary to talk about the possibility of infection in the childhood.In most cases, HPV is sent to children from the mother during childbirth.When promoted throughout the birth tract, infection infection occurs.Children are tolerant of infection easier, they are practically not showing them.In addition, thanks to the acceptance of standby antibodies, spontaneous antidote is observed along with breast milk.
How is HPV infection?
HPV infection occurs with the direct contact of the mucous membrane, the genital skin.During intercourse, microcracks and damage to the mucous membranes often occur, which only increases the risk of HPV infection.At the same time, there are some differences in the mechanism of virus transmission in women and men.
How is the human papillomavirus spread to men?
The probability of HPV infection in men directly depends on the number of fixed sexual partners.Sexual relations randomly increase the likelihood of infection several times.At the same time, the man himself in most cases does not suspect the presence of the HPV virus in the body.As a result, the virus spreads further.In 90% of cases of sexual relations, partner infections occur, which has been healthy.
How is the human papillomavirus transmitted to her?
The method of HPV infection in women is no different than that of male characteristics.In the first place is sexual.However, several factors increase the risk of infection in women.
Among them, gynecologists identify:
- The beginning of sexual activity;
- Frequent sexual changes;
- abortion;
- the history of traumatic birth;
- gynecological disease;
- pressure;
- Acceptance of oral contraceptive length.
Is the human papillomavirus sent to the child?
Knowing the presence of HPV in the body, women who plan pregnancy in the near future are whether human papillomavirus from the mother is sent to the baby.Experts say that the risk of child infection exists.However, in children, HPV is rarely observed, the method of infection is different from adults.Delivery of infections is more frequent on the stage of fetal progress along the birth channel: viruses from the mother's mucous membranes pass through the baby.
Keep in mind that the dangers of such infections are small.In most cases, the baby's body successfully removes the HPV for the first 2-3 months of life.This is thanks to taking antibodies to baby organisms together with breast milk.The main danger of HPV for infants is to damage the respiratory tract - a polyp.Such cases are rare and considered more than an exception.
HPV - How much does it appear after the infection?
After learning how the human papillomavirus is transmitted, many patients are interested in the terms of the first symptom manifestation.Doctors should not explicitly say how fast it is to show itself after HPV infection.
The following factors are determined:
- patient age;
- the presence of chronic inflammation in the body;
- The state of the immune system.
In practice, the terms of the clinical manifestation of HPV are different.The appearance of condy, changes in the affected cells can be observed both after several weeks and after months.In some cases, the first lesion on the skin in the thighs and genitals is found one year after the papilloma virus enters the body.It is possible to determine the right HPV time in the body based on laboratory tests.
Signs -to infection with HPV
Symptoms of HPV infection are indicated by genital wounds.In most cases, this virus leads to characteristic skin lesions.Patients record the appearance of coarse papilloma and sharp warts.Outside, this growth resembles cauliflower, so it is difficult to confuse them with other skin manifestations.
In women, pale pink pink growth is localized:
- in small labia;
- at the groin;
- on the clitoris;
- near the outer hole of the urethra;
- On the vagina night.
In some cases, condylomas are formed in the anus if a woman practices anal sex.Strong growth of such formations leads to the appearance of bleeding, the sensation of pain during intercourse.In men, such formation is localized in the pubis, perineum, less frequent on the surface of the penis.
HPV vaccination after infection
Even those who know how human papillomavirus are transmitted, they cannot always prevent infection.After treatment, to eliminate HPV re -infections, to prevent the development of relapse, the vaccine doctor against the papilloma virus.Vaccination prevents the development of virus infections for 15 years or more.